Identification_Information:

  Citation:

    Citation_Information:

      Originator: U.S. Geological Survey

      Publication_Date: 20030901

      Title: National Land Cover Database Hawaiian mapping zone Imperviousness Layer

      Edition: 1.0

      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image

      Series_Information:

        Series_Name: None

        Issue_Identification: None

      Publication_Information:

        Publication_Place: Sioux Falls, SD

        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

      Other_Citation_Details:

        References:

        Yang, L, C. Huang, C. Homer, B. Wylie, and M. Coan, 2002. An approach for mapping large-area impervious surfaces:  Synergistic use of Landsat 7 ETM+ and high spatial resolution imagery.  Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 29: 2, 230-240.



        Homer, C., C. Huang, L. Yang, B. Wylie and M. Coan, 2004. Development of a 2001 national land cover database for the United States.  Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing.



        The USGS acknowledges the support of NOAA in development of data in this zone.

      Online_Linkage: http://www.mrlc.gov

  Description:

    Abstract:

      The National Land Cover Database 2001 for the Hawaiian mapping zone was produced through a cooperative project conducted by the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium.  The MRLC Consortium is a partnership of federal agencies (www.mrlc.gov), consisting of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), the National Park Service (NPS), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS).  One of the primary goals of the project is to generate a current, consistent, seamless, and accurate National Land Cover Database (NLCD) circa 2001 for the United States at medium spatial resolution.  For a detailed definition and discussion on MRLC and the NLCD 2001 products, refer to Homer et al. (2003) and http://www.mrlc.gov/mrlc2k.asp.



      The NLCD 2001 was created by partitioning the U.S. into mapping zones.  A total of 66 mapping zones were delineated within the conterminous U.S. based on ecoregion and geographical characteristics, edge matching features and the size requirement of Landsat mosaics.  The Hawaiian mapping zone encompasses the state of Hawaii.  Questions about the NLCD Hawaiian mapping zone can be directed to the NLCD 2001 land cover mapping team at the USGS/EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov.

    Purpose: The goal of this project is to provide the Nation with complete, current and consistent public domain information on its land use and land cover.

    Supplemental_Information:

      Corner Coordinates (center of pixel, projection meters)

      Upper Left Corner:   -345930 meters(X),  2132400 meters(Y)

      Lower Right Corner:  237210 meters(X),  1753890 meters(Y)

  Time_Period_of_Content:

    Time_Period_Information:

      Range_of_Dates/Times:

        Beginning_Date: 19990802

        Ending_Date: 20030222

    Currentness_Reference: ground condition

  Status:

    Progress: Complete

    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed

  Spatial_Domain:

    Bounding_Coordinates:

      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -160.27111

      East_Bounding_Coordinate: 154.73944

      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 22.29111

      South_Bounding_Coordinate: -18.85833

  Keywords:

    Theme:

      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

      Theme_Keyword: Imperviousness

      Theme_Keyword: GIS

      Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey

      Theme_Keyword: USGS

      Theme_Keyword: digital spatial data

    Theme:

      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Category

      Theme_Keyword: imagery

      Theme_Keyword: Base Maps

      Theme_Keyword: Earth Cover

    Place:

      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: U.S. Department of Commerce, 1995, Countries, dependencies, areas of special sovereignty, and their principal administrative divisions, Federal Information Processing Standard 10-4,): Washington, D.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology

      Place_Keyword: United States

      Place_Keyword: U.S.

      Place_Keyword: US

    Place:

      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

      Place_Keyword: Hawaiian mapping zone

    Place:

      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the outlying areas of the United States, and associated areas (Federal Information Processing Standard 5-2): Washington, D.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology

      Place_Keyword: HI

      Place_Keyword: Hawaii

  Access_Constraints: None

  Use_Constraints: None

  Point_of_Contact:

    Contact_Information:

      Contact_Organization_Primary:

        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

      Contact_Position: Customer Services Representative

      Contact_Address:

        Address_Type: mailing and physical address

        Address: USGS/EROS

        Address: 47914 252nd Street

        City: Sioux Falls

        State_or_Province: SD

        Postal_Code: 57198-0001

        Country: USA

      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605/594-6151

      Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605/594-6933

      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605/594-6589

      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov

      Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)

      Contact_Instructions:

        The USGS point of contact is for questions relating to the data display and download from this web site.  For questions regarding data content and quality, refer to:

        http://www.mrlc.gov/mrlc2k.asp or email:  mrlc@usgs.gov

  Data_Set_Credit: U.S. Geological Survey,NOAA.

  Security_Information:

    Security_Classification_System: None

    Security_Classification: Unclassified

    Security_Handling_Description: N/A

  Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535

Data_Quality_Information:

  Attribute_Accuracy:

    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The information on data quality for the Hawaiian mapping zone was generated by the Regression Tree algorithm that conducts a cross-validation for assessing classification and prediction reliability.  No formal independent accuracy assessment of the Hawaiian mapping zone imperviousness has been made.  The regression tree algorithm employed in NLCD 2001 mapping offers a cross-validation option for assessing classification and prediction reliability.  Cross-validation can provide relatively reliable estimates for imperviousness predictions if the reference data used for cross-validation are collected based on a statistically valid sampling design.  For the Hawaiian mapping zone imperviousness modeling, a 5-fold cross-validation was conducted by dividing the entire training data set into 5 subsets of equal size.  For each model run, an accuracy estimate was derived using one subset to evaluate the model prediction (with the model developed using the remaining training samples).  This process was repeated 5 times.  After all 5 runs, an average value of all accuracy estimates from the 5 runs was computed.  Users should be cautioned that these cross-validation results provide users with only first-order estimates of data quality, and should not be considered a formal accuracy assessment.

    Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment:

      Attribute_Accuracy_Value: plus or minus 8.6 percent

      Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation: The above listed value is the overall accuracy obtained for imperviousness data in the cross-validation study the Hawaiian mapping zone.  This accuracy is valid only for the areas not covered by NOAA's original high-resolution classification.  This 2.4 classifcation exists for all areas of Hawaii except portions of the big island.  Imperviousness was generated for these areas using training from the original 2.4m classification.  The 2.4m classification was degraded to 30m and used in all areas of the islands where it existed.  This classification is available for download from NOAA's website listed here:  http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ccap/pacific/

  Logical_Consistency_Report: The method employed to map percent imperviousness for NLCD 2001 Hawaiian mapping zone consists of three key steps: deriving reference data of imperviousness from the high spatial resolution images, calibrating density prediction models using reference data and Landsat spectral bands, and extrapolating the developed models spatially to map per-pixel imperviousness.

  Completeness_Report: This NLCD product of the Hawaiian mapping zone Imperviousness layer is the version dated 10-28-08.

  Positional_Accuracy:

    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: N/A

    Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

      Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: N/A

  Lineage:

    Process_Step:

      Process_Description: The method employed to map percent imperviousness for NLCD 2001 Hawaiian mapping zone consists of three key steps: deriving reference data of imperviousness from the high spatial resolution images, calibrating density prediction models using reference data and Landsat spectral bands, and extrapolating the developed models spatially to map per-pixel imperviousness.  This method is described in detail in Yang et al. (2003).  This method was applied to the Hawaiian mapping zone by USGS.

      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat ETM, DOQQ, USGS/EROS

      Process_Date: Unknown

      Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS NLCD

      Process_Contact:

        Contact_Information:

          Contact_Organization_Primary:

            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

          Contact_Position: Customer Service Representative

          Contact_Address:

            Address_Type: mailing and physical address

            Address: USGS/EROS

            Address: 47914 252nd Street

            City: Sioux Falls

            State_or_Province: SD

            Postal_Code: 57198-0001

            Country: USA

          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605/594-6151

          Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605/594-6933

          Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605/594-6589

          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov

          Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)

    Process_Step:

      Process_Description:

        To develop adequate training data for impervious estimation, NOAA's 2.4m classification was used as training.  This 2.4 classifcation exists for all areas of Hawaii except portions of the big island.  Imperviousness was generated for these areas using training from the original 2.4m classification.  The 2.4m classification was degraded to 30m and used in all areas of the islands where it existed.  This classification is available for download from NOAA's website listed here:  http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ccap/pacific/



        By combining the training data with Landsat spectral data and other ancillary data, percent imperviousness prediction models were developed using a regression tree algorithm (named "Cubist").   All data layers used as input for running the Cubist in order to establish the prediction model for imperviousness are listed in the "Supplemental Information" section.  Three ancillary data sets were used for urban/suburban delineation masking, which is essential to confine the imperviousness mapping within the developed areas.



        After the best combination of possible input data layers had been determined and the final percent impervious layer produced, the urban mask created was used to eliminate those pixels from the final percent impervious file that fall outside identified impervious surface areas.  Thus, the impervious pixels identified within the mask were retained, while all non-impervious surface pixels were removed from the final product.  This corrected for any small areas of pixels that may have been included as part of the impervious surface layer because their spectral signature was not covered in the Cubist modeling process.  Finally, visual inspection of imperviousness layer was made with limited manual editing to eliminate non-urban areas based on area of interest delineated by the mapping team.



        Acquisition dates of Landsat ETM+ (TM) scenes used for land cover classification in Hawaiian zone are as follows:



        Path62 /Row 46 on 02/14/2000 = Scene ID 70620460214200000

        Path62 /Row 46 on 12/30/2000 = Scene ID 70620461230200000

        Path62 /Row 46 on 02/03/2002 = Scene ID 70620460203200200

        Path62 /Row 47 on 02/14/2000 = Scene ID 70620470214200000

        Path62 /Row 47 on 06/05/2000 = Scene ID 70620470605200000

        Path62 /Row 47 on 01/31/2001 = Scene ID 70620470131200100

        Path62 /Row 47 on 05/23/2001 = Scene ID 70620470523200100

        Path62 /Row 47 on 01/02/2002 = Scene ID 70620470102200200

        Path62 /Row 47 on 01/05/2003 = Scene ID 70620470105200300

        Path62 /Row 47 on 02/22/2003 = Scene ID 70620470222200300

        Path63 /Row 46 on 02/05/2000 = Scene ID 70630460205200000

        Path63 /Row 46 on 09/16/2000 = Scene ID 70630460916200000

        Path63 /Row 46 on 01/06/2001 = Scene ID 70630460106200100

        Path63 /Row 46 on 01/22/2001 = Scene ID 70630460122200100

        Path63 /Row 46 on 02/23/2001 = Scene ID 70630460223200100

        Path63 /Row 46 on 08/02/2001 = Scene ID 70630460802200100

        Path63 /Row 46 on 10/05/2001 = Scene ID 70630461005200100

        Path63 /Row 46 on 01/09/2002 = Scene ID 70630460109200200

        Path63 /Row 46 on 09/22/2002 = Scene ID 70630460922200200

        Path63 /Row 46 on 01/28/2003 = Scene ID 70630460128200300

        Path64 /Row 45 on 02/12/2000 = Scene ID 70640450212200000

        Path64 /Row 45 on 02/28/2000 = Scene ID 70640450228200000

        Path64 /Row 45 on 05/24/2002 = Scene ID 70640450524200200

        Path64 /Row 45 on 07/27/2002 = Scene ID 70640450727200200

        Path65 /Row 45 on 02/19/2000 = Scene ID 70650450219200000

        Path65 /Row 45 on 12/19/2000 = Scene ID 70650451219200000

        Path65 /Row 45 on 09/01/2001 = Scene ID 70650450901200100

        Path65 /Row 45 on 12/22/2001 = Scene ID 70650451222200100

        Path66 /Row 45 on 08/02/1999 = Scene ID 70660450802199900

        Path66 /Row 45 on 01/09/2000 = Scene ID 70660450109200000

        Path66 /Row 45 on 12/26/2000 = Scene ID 70660451226200000

        Path66 /Row 45 on 01/11/2001 = Scene ID 70660450111200100



        Landsat data and ancillary data used for the imperviousness prediction -



        Data Type of DEM composed of 1 band and a Continuous Variable Type.



        Data Type of Slope composed of 1 band and a Continuous Variable Type.



        Data Type of Aspect composed of 1 band of Categorical Variable Type.



        Data type of Position Index composed of 1 band of Continuous Variable Type.



        Ancillary data used for urban area masking include:

        1. NOAA Defense Meteorological Satellite Program 1 km city light data (1 band)

        2. MRLC 1992 classification (1 band)

        3. TIGER 2000 roads (1 band)

      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat ETM, DEM

      Process_Date: Unknown

      Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS NLCD

      Process_Contact:

        Contact_Information:

          Contact_Organization_Primary:

            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

          Contact_Position: Customer Service Representative

          Contact_Address:

            Address_Type: mailing and physical address

            Address: USGS/EROS

            Address: 47914 252nd Street

            City: Sioux Falls

            State_or_Province: SD

            Postal_Code: 57198-0001

            Country: USA

          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605/594-6151

          Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605/594-6933

          Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605/594-6589

          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov

          Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)

          Contact_Instructions: The USGS point of contact is for questions relating to the data display and download from this web site.  Questions about the NLCD Hawaiian mapping zone can be directed to the NLCD 2001 land cover mapping team at the USGS/EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov.

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster

  Raster_Object_Information:

    Raster_Object_Type: Pixel

    Row_Count: 12560

    Column_Count: 19263

    Vertical_Count: 1

Spatial_Reference_Information:

  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

    Planar:

      Map_Projection:

        Map_Projection_Name: Albers Conical Equal Area

        Albers_Conical_Equal_Area:

          Standard_Parallel: 8.000000

          Standard_Parallel: 18.000000

          Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -157.000000

          Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 3.000000

          False_Easting: 0.000000

          False_Northing: 0.000000

      Planar_Coordinate_Information:

        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column

        Coordinate_Representation:

          Abscissa_Resolution: 30.000000

          Ordinate_Resolution: 30.000000

        Planar_Distance_Units: meters

    Geodetic_Model:

      Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983

      Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80

      Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000

      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

  Detailed_Description:

    Entity_Type:

      Entity_Type_Label: Layer_1

      Entity_Type_Definition: NLDC Imperviousness Layer

      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: National Land Cover Database 2001

    Attribute:

      Attribute_Label: ObjectID

      Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number

      Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI

      Attribute_Domain_Values:

        Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

    Attribute:

      Attribute_Label: Value

      Attribute_Definition: Percent Imperviousness

      Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001

      Attribute_Domain_Values:

        Range_Domain:

          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

          Range_Domain_Maximum: 100

          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percentage

          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1

    Attribute:

      Attribute_Label: Count

      Attribute_Definition: A nominal integer value that designates the number of pixels that have each value in the file; histogram column in ERDAS Imagine raster attributes table

      Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001

      Attribute_Domain_Values:

        Unrepresentable_Domain: Integer

    Attribute:

      Attribute_Label: Red

      Attribute_Definition: Red color code for RGB slice by value for canopy image display purposes.  The value is arbitrarily assigned by the display software package, unless defined by user.

      Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001

      Attribute_Domain_Values:

        Range_Domain:

          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

          Range_Domain_Maximum: 100

          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: CSS Color Value Percentage

          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1

    Attribute:

      Attribute_Label: Green

      Attribute_Definition: Green color code for RGB slice by value for canopy image display purposes.  The value is arbitrarily assigned by the display software package, unless defined by user.

      Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001

      Attribute_Domain_Values:

        Range_Domain:

          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

          Range_Domain_Maximum: 100

          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: CSS Color Value Percentage

          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1

    Attribute:

      Attribute_Label: Blue

      Attribute_Definition: Blue color code for RGB slice by value for canopy image display purposes.  The value is arbitrarily assigned by the display software package, unless defined by user.

      Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001

      Attribute_Domain_Values:

        Range_Domain:

          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

          Range_Domain_Maximum: 100

          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: CSS Color Value Percentage

          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1

    Attribute:

      Attribute_Label: Opacity

      Attribute_Definition: A measure of how opaque, or solid, a color is displayed in a layer.

      Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001

      Attribute_Domain_Values:

        Range_Domain:

          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

          Range_Domain_Maximum: 100

          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Percentage

          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1

  Overview_Description:

    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Attributes defined by USGS and ESRI.

    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Attribute accuracy is described, where present, with each attribute defined in the Entity and Attribute Section.  Note: To ensure all areas of the Hawaiian mapping zone are completely covered, a 3,000 meter (100 Landsat pixels) buffer was added to the boundary of the Hawaiian mapping zone.

Distribution_Information:

  Distributor:

    Contact_Information:

      Contact_Organization_Primary:

        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

      Contact_Position: Customer Service Representative

      Contact_Address:

        Address_Type: mailing and physical address

        Address: USGS/EROS

        Address: 47914 252nd Street

        City: Sioux Falls

        State_or_Province: SD

        Postal_Code: 57198-0001

        Country: USA

      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605/594-6151

      Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605/594-6933

      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605/594-6589

      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov

      Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)

      Contact_Instructions: The USGS point of contact is for questions relating to the data display and download from this web site.  Questions about the NLCD Hawaiian mapping zone can be directed to the NLCD 2001 land cover mapping team at the USGS/EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov.

  Resource_Description: Downloadable data

  Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the USGS regarding the use of the data on any other system, nor does the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.  Data may have been compiled from various outside sources.  Spatial information may not meet National Map Accuracy Standards.  This information may be updated without notification. The USGS shall not be liable for any activity involving these data, installation, fitness of the data for a particular purpose, its use, or analyses results.

  Standard_Order_Process:

    Digital_Form:

      Digital_Transfer_Information:

        Format_Name: Arc/Info Export Format and/or ArcView Shapefile

        Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 9.0

        Format_Specification: ASCII

        Transfer_Size: 0.001

      Digital_Transfer_Option:

        Online_Option:

          Computer_Contact_Information:

            Network_Address:

              Network_Resource_Name: http://seamless.usgs.gov

          Access_Instructions: The URL http://seamless.usgs.gov provides a map interface that allows for data downloads within a customer defined area of interest.  Zoom tools are available that can be used to investigate areas of interest on the map interface.  The download tool allows the customer to capture layers from the map, utilizing the Seamless Data Distribution System process for downloading.  A request summary page is then generated with the download layers listed.  By clicking the "download" button on the summary page, a zipped file will be generated that can be saved on the customer's computer.  The file can then be unzipped and imported into various user software applications.

          Online_Computer_and_Operating_System: Not available for dissemination

    Fees: None

    Ordering_Instructions: Contact Customer Services

    Turnaround: Variable

  Custom_Order_Process: Contact Customer Services Representative

  Technical_Prerequisites: ESRI ArcMap Suite and/or Arc/Info software, and supporting operating systems.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

  Metadata_Date: 20081029

  Metadata_Contact:

    Contact_Information:

      Contact_Organization_Primary:

        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

      Contact_Position: Customer Services Representative

      Contact_Address:

        Address_Type: mailing and physical address

        Address: USGS/EROS

        Address: 47914 252nd Street

        City: Sioux Falls

        State_or_Province: SD

        Postal_Code: 57198-0001

        Country: USA

      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605/594-6151

      Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605/594-6933

      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605/594-6589

      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov

      Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)

  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

  Metadata_Time_Convention: local time

  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None

  Metadata_Use_Constraints: None

  Metadata_Security_Information:

    Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None

    Metadata_Security_Classification: None

    Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None

  Metadata_Extensions:

    Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

    Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile

