# National Land Cover Database Zone Commonwealth of Puerto Rico Imperviousness Layer

Metadata also available as

## Metadata:

- Identification_Information
- Data_Quality_Information
- Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
- Spatial_Reference_Information
- Entity_and_Attribute_Information
- Distribution_Information
- Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
      Publication_Date: 20030901
      Title:
        National Land Cover Database Zone Commonwealth of Puerto Rico Imperviousness Layer
      Edition: 1.0
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: None
        Issue_Identification: None
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Sioux Falls, SD
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Other_Citation_Details:
        References: Yang, L, C. Huang, C. Homer, B. Wylie, and M. Coan, 2002. An approach for mapping large-area impervious surfaces: Synergistic use of Landsat 7 ETM+ and high spatial resolution imagery. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 29: 2, 230-240.

        Homer, C., C. Huang, L. Yang, B. Wylie and M. Coan, 2004. Development of a 2001 national land cover database for the United States. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing.

        The USGS acknowledges the support of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the United States Forest Service (USFS), the International Institute of Tropical Forestry(IITF), and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in development of data in this zone.

      Online_Linkage: <http://www.mrlc.gov>
  Description:
    Abstract:
      The National Land Cover Database 2001 for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico was produced through a cooperative project conducted by the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium. The MRLC Consortium is a partnership of federal agencies (www.mrlc.gov), consisting of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), the National Park Service (NPS), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). One of the primary goals of the project is to generate a current, consistent, seamless, and accurate National Land Cover Database (NLCD) circa 2001 for the United States at medium spatial resolution. For a detailed definition and discussion on MRLC and the NLCD 2001 products, refer to Homer et al. (2003) and <http://www.mrlc.gov/mrlc2k.asp>.

      The NLCD 2001 was created by partitioning the U.S. into mapping zones. A total of 66 mapping zones were delineated within the conterminous U.S. based on ecoregion and geographical characteristics, edge matching features and the size requirement of Landsat mosaics. The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico Mapping zone encompasses the whole territory of Puerto Rico. Questions about the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico NLCD mapping zone can be directed to the NLCD 2001 land cover mapping team at the USGS/EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov.

    Purpose:
      The goal of this project is to provide the Nation with complete, current and consistent public domain information on its land use and land cover.
    Supplemental_Information:
      Corner Coordinates (center of pixel, projection meters)
      Upper Left Corner: 3092430 meters(X), 59400 meters(Y)
      Lower Right Corner: 3345210 meters(X), -78960 meters(Y)
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Range_of_Dates/Times:
        Beginning_Date: 19991127
        Ending_Date: 20030122
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -67.33027
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: 65.31138
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 18.73222
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: -17.57222
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword: Imperviousness
      Theme_Keyword: GIS
      Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
      Theme_Keyword: USGS
      Theme_Keyword: digital spatial data
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Category
      Theme_Keyword: imagery
      Theme_Keyword: Base Maps
      Theme_Keyword: Earth Cover
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:
        U.S. Department of Commerce, 1995, Countries, dependencies, areas of special sovereignty, and their principal administrative divisions, Federal Information Processing Standard 10-4,): Washington, D.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology
      Place_Keyword: United States
      Place_Keyword: U.S.
      Place_Keyword: US
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Place_Keyword: Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:
        U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the outlying areas of the United States, and associated areas (Federal Information Processing Standard 5-2): Washington, D.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology
      Place_Keyword: PR
      Place_Keyword: Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: None
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Customer Services Representative
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: USGS/EROS
        Address: 47914 252nd Street
        City: Sioux Falls
        State_or_Province: SD
        Postal_Code: 57198-0001
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605/594-6151
      Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605/594-6933
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605/594-6589
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov
      Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)
      Contact_Instructions:
        The USGS point of contact is for questions relating to the data display and download from this web site. For questions regarding data content and quality, refer to: <http://www.mrlc.gov/mrlc2k.asp> or email: mrlc@usgs.gov
  Data_Set_Credit:
    U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the United States Forest Service (USFS), the International Institute of Tropical Forestry(IITF), and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
  Security_Information:
    Security_Classification_System: None
    Security_Classification: Unclassified
    Security_Handling_Description: N/A
  Native_Data_Set_Environment:
    Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535

Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
      The information on data quality for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico was generated by the Regression Tree algorithm that conducts a cross-validation for assessing classification and prediction reliability. No formal independent accuracy assessment of Commonwealth of Puerto Rico mapping zone imperviousness has been made. The regression tree algorithm employed in NLCD 2001 mapping offers a cross-validation option for assessing classification and prediction reliability. Cross-validation can provide relatively reliable estimates for imperviousness predictions if the reference data used for cross-validation are collected based on a statistically valid sampling design. For the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico mapping zone imperviousness modeling, a 5-fold cross-validation was conducted by dividing the entire training data set into 5 subsets of equal size. For each model run, an accuracy estimate was derived using one subset to evaluate the model prediction (with the model developed using the remaining training samples). This process was repeated 5 times. After all 5 runs, an average value of all accuracy estimates from the 5 runs was computed. Users should be cautioned that these cross-validation results provide users with only first-order estimates of data quality, and should not be considered a formal accuracy assessment.
    Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment:
      Attribute_Accuracy_Value: plus or minus 8.6%
      Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation:
        The above listed value is the overall accuracy obtained for imperviousness data in the cross-validation study for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico mapping zone.
  Logical_Consistency_Report:
    The method employed to map percent imperviousness for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico NLCD 2001 mapping zone consists of three key steps: deriving reference data of imperviousness from the high spatial resolution images, calibrating density prediction models using reference data and Landsat spectral bands, and extrapolating the developed models spatially to map per-pixel imperviousness.
  Completeness_Report:
    This NLCD product of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico mapping zone Imperviousness layer is the version dated 10-28-08.
  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: N/A
    Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
      Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: N/A
  Lineage:
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        The method employed to map percent imperviousness for NLCD 2001 Commonwealth of Puerto Rico mapping zone consists of three key steps: deriving reference data of imperviousness from the high spatial resolution images, calibrating density prediction models using reference data and Landsat spectral bands, and extrapolating the developed models spatially to map per-pixel imperviousness. This method is described in detail in Yang et al. (2003). This method was applied to the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico mapping zone by USGS.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat ETM, DOQQ, USGS/EROS
      Process_Date: Unknown
      Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS NLCD
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Organization_Primary:
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
          Contact_Position: Customer Service Representative
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: mailing and physical address
            Address: USGS/EROS
            Address: 47914 252nd Street
            City: Sioux Falls
            State_or_Province: SD
            Postal_Code: 57198-0001
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605/594-6151
          Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605/594-6933
          Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605/594-6589
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov
          Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        To develop adequate training data for tree canopy density estimation, the island of Oahu was classified into either pervious or non-pervious surfaces, and then summed within each 30 meter Landsat pixel cell to obtain percentage of imperviousness. The regression tree analysis derived from this training from the state of Hawaii was applied to the Landsat imagery used for the classification of Puerto Rico.

        By combining the training data with Landsat spectral data and other ancillary data, percent imperviousness prediction models were developed using a regression tree algorithm (named "Cubist"). All data layers used as input for running the Cubist in order to establish the prediction model for imperviousness are listed in the "Supplemental Information" section. Three ancillary data sets were used for urban/suburban delineation masking, which is essential to confine the imperviousness mapping within the developed areas.

        After the best combination of possible input data layers had been determined and the final percent impervious layer produced, the urban mask created was used to eliminate those pixels from the final percent impervious file that fall outside identified impervious surface areas. Thus, the impervious pixels identified within the mask were retained, while all non-impervious surface pixels were removed from the final product. This corrected for any small areas of pixels that may have been included as part of the impervious surface layer because their spectral signature was not covered in the Cubist modeling process. Finally, visual inspection of imperviousness layer was made with limited manual editing to eliminate non-urban areas based on area of interest delineated by the mapping team.

        Acquisition dates of Landsat ETM+ (TM) scenes used for land cover classification in Commonwealth of Puerto Rico zone are as follows:
        Index 1 For Path 04 /Row 48 on 03/27/00 = Scene ID 7004048000008710
        Index 2 For Path 04 /Row 47 on 02/26/01 = Scene ID 7004047000105750
        Index 3 For Path 05 /Row 48 on 11/13/00 = Scene ID 7005048000031810
        Index 4 For Path 05 /Row 47 on 01/22/03 = Scene ID 7005047000302250
        Index 5 For Path 05 /Row 47 on 11/27/99 = Scene ID 7005047009933110
        Index 6 histogram_match

        Landsat data and ancillary data used for the imperviousness prediction -

        Data Type of DEM composed of 1 band and a Continuous Variable Type.

        Data Type of Slope composed of 1 band and a Continuous Variable Type.

        Data Type of Aspect composed of 1 band of Categorical Variable Type.

        Data type of Position Index composed of 1 band of Continuous Variable Type.

        Ancillary data used for urban area masking include: 1. NOAA Defense Meteorological Satellite Program 1 km city light data (1 band) 2. MRLC 1992 classification (1 band) 3. TIGER 2000 roads (1 band)

      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat ETM, DEM
      Process_Date: Unknown
      Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS NLCD
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Organization_Primary:
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
          Contact_Position: Customer Service Representative
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: mailing and physical address
            Address: USGS/EROS
            Address: 47914 252nd Street
            City: Sioux Falls
            State_or_Province: SD
            Postal_Code: 57198-0001
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605/594-6151
          Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605/594-6933
          Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605/594-6589
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov
          Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)
          Contact_Instructions:
            The USGS point of contact is for questions relating to the data display and download from this web site. Questions about the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico NLCD mapping zone can be directed to the NLCD 2001 land cover mapping team at the USGS/EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov.

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
  Raster_Object_Information:
    Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
    Row_Count: 8427
    Column_Count: 4613
    Vertical_Count: 1

Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Map_Projection:
        Map_Projection_Name: Albers Conical Equal Area
        Albers_Conical_Equal_Area:
          Standard_Parallel: 29.500000
          Standard_Parallel: 45.500000
          Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -96.000000
          Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 23.000000
          False_Easting: 0.000000
          False_Northing: 0.000000
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 30.000000
          Ordinate_Resolution: 30.000000
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
      Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: Layer_1
      Entity_Type_Definition: NLDC Imperviousness Layer
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: National Land Cover Database 2001
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: ObjectID
      Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number
      Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain:
          Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Value
      Attribute_Definition: Percent Imperviousness
      Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 100
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percentage
          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Count
      Attribute_Definition:
        A nominal integer value that designates the number of pixels that have each value in the file; histogram column in ERDAS Imagine raster attributes table
      Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Integer
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Red
      Attribute_Definition:
        Red color code for RGB slice by value for canopy image display purposes. The value is arbitrarily assigned by the display software package, unless defined by user.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 100
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: CSS Color Value Percentage
          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Green
      Attribute_Definition:
        Green color code for RGB slice by value for canopy image display purposes. The value is arbitrarily assigned by the display software package, unless defined by user.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 100
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: CSS Color Value Percentage
          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Blue
      Attribute_Definition:
        Blue color code for RGB slice by value for canopy image display purposes. The value is arbitrarily assigned by the display software package, unless defined by user.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 100
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: CSS Color Value Percentage
          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Opacity
      Attribute_Definition:
        A measure of how opaque, or solid, a color is displayed in a layer.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Range_Domain:
          Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
          Range_Domain_Maximum: 100
          Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Percentage
          Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1
  Overview_Description:
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Attributes defined by USGS and ESRI.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
      Attribute accuracy is described, where present, with each attribute defined in the Entity and Attribute Section. Note: To ensure all areas of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico mapping zone are completely covered, a 3,000 meter (100 Landsat pixels) buffer was added to the boundary of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico mapping zone.

Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Customer Service Representative
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: USGS/EROS
        Address: 47914 252nd Street
        City: Sioux Falls
        State_or_Province: SD
        Postal_Code: 57198-0001
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605/594-6151
      Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605/594-6933
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605/594-6589
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov
      Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)
      Contact_Instructions:
        The USGS point of contact is for questions relating to the data display and download from this web site. Questions about the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico NLCD mapping zone can be directed to the NLCD 2001 land cover mapping team at the USGS/EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov.
  Resource_Description: Downloadable data
  Distribution_Liability:
    Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the USGS regarding the use of the data on any other system, nor does the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Data may have been compiled from various outside sources. Spatial information may not meet National Map Accuracy Standards. This information may be updated without notification. The USGS shall not be liable for any activity involving these data, installation, fitness of the data for a particular purpose, its use, or analyses results.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: Arc/Info Export Format and/or ArcView Shapefile
        Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 9.0
        Format_Specification: ASCII
        Transfer_Size: 0.001
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: <http://seamless.usgs.gov>
          Access_Instructions:
            The URL <http://seamless.usgs.gov> provides a map interface that allows for data downloads within a customer defined area of interest. Zoom tools are available that can be used to investigate areas of interest on the map interface. The download tool allows the customer to capture layers from the map, utilizing the Seamless Data Distribution System process for downloading. A request summary page is then generated with the download layers listed. By clicking the "download" button on the summary page, a zipped file will be generated that can be saved on the customer's computer. The file can then be unzipped and imported into various user software applications.
          Online_Computer_and_Operating_System: Not available for dissemination
    Fees: None
    Ordering_Instructions: Contact Customer Services
    Turnaround: Variable
  Custom_Order_Process: Contact Customer Services Representative
  Technical_Prerequisites:
    ESRI ArcMap Suite and/or Arc/Info software, and supporting operating systems.

Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20081030
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Customer Services Representative
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: USGS/EROS
        Address: 47914 252nd Street
        City: Sioux Falls
        State_or_Province: SD
        Postal_Code: 57198-0001
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605/594-6151
      Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605/594-6933
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605/594-6589
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov
      Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Security_Information:
    Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None
    Metadata_Security_Classification: None
    Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None
  Metadata_Extensions:
    Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>
    Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile

Generated by `mp` version 2.8.6 on Fri Oct 31 08:24:55 2008