# NLCD Southeastern Alaska 2012 Tree Canopy Cover

# Metadata:

- Identification_Information
- Data_Quality_Information
- Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
- Spatial_Reference_Information
- Entity_and_Attribute_Information
- Distribution_Information
- Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Publication_Date: 20231001
      Title: NLCD Southeastern Alaska 2012 Tree Canopy Cover
      Edition: v2021-4
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: NLCD Tree Canopy Cover
        Issue_Identification: v2021-4
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Salt Lake City, UT
        Publisher: USDA Forest Service
  Description:
    Abstract:
      The USDA Forest Service (USFS) builds two versions of percent tree canopy cover (TCC) data to serve needs of multiple user communities. These datasets encompass the conterminous United States (CONUS), Coastal Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands (PRUSVI). The two versions of data within the v2021-4 TCC product suite include:
        - The raw model outputs referred to as the annual Science data; and
        - A modified version built for the National Land Cover Database referred to as NLCD data. They are available at the following locations:
        Science:
          https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/rastergateway/treecanopycover/
          https://apps.fs.usda.gov/fsgisx01/rest/services/RDW_LandscapeAndWildlife
        NLCD:
          https://www.mrlc.gov/data
          https://apps.fs.usda.gov/fsgisx01/rest/services/RDW_LandscapeAndWildlife
      The NLCD product suite includes data for years 2011 through 2021. The NCLD data are processed to remove small interannual changes from the annual TCC timeseries, and to mask TCC pixels that are known to be 0 percent TCC, non-tree agriculture, and water. A small interannual change is defined as a TCC change less than an increase or decrease of 10 percent compared to a TCC baseline value established in a prior year. The initial TCC baseline value is the median of 2008-2010 TCC data. For each year following 2011, on a pixel-wise basis TCC values are updated to a new baseline value if an increase or decrease of 10 percent TCC occurs relative to the 2008-2010 TCC baseline value. If no increase or decrease greater than 10 percent TCC occurs relative to the 2008-2010 baseline, then the 2008-2010 TCC baseline value is caried through to the next year in the timeseries. Pixel values range from 0 to 100 percent. The non-processing area is represented by value 254, and the background is represented by the value 255. The Science and NLCD tree canopy cover data are accessible for multiple user communities, through multiple channels and platforms. For information on the Science data and processing steps see the Science metadata. Information on the NLCD data and processing steps are included here.
    Purpose:
      The goal of this project is to provide CONUS and OCONUS with complete, current and consistent public domain tree canopy cover information.
    Supplemental_Information:
      Corner Coordinates (center of pixel, meters): upper left: -48915.0 (X), 1319415.0 (Y); lower right: 1492815.0 (X), 710595.0 (Y).
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Range_of_Dates/Times:
        Beginning_Date: 20120615
        Ending_Date: 20120915
    Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
  Spatial_Domain:
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -154.93217819861226
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -130.77626041455363
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 61.848853696240674
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 54.036068257068564
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword: Tree Density
      Theme_Keyword: Digital Spatial Data
      Theme_Keyword: Tree Canopy Cover
      Theme_Keyword: Continuous
      Theme_Keyword: Percent Tree Canopy
      Theme_Keyword: Remote Sensing
      Theme_Keyword: GIS
      Theme_Keyword: Change
      Theme_Keyword: Landsat
      Theme_Keyword: Sentinel-2
      Theme_Keyword: LandTrendr
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NGDA Portfolio Themes
      Theme_Keyword: NGDA
      Theme_Keyword: National Geospatial Data Asset
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Category
      Theme_Keyword: BaseMaps
      Theme_Keyword: EarthCover
      Theme_Keyword: Imagery
      Theme_Keyword: Environment
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Categories
      Theme_Keyword: environment
      Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: U.S. Department of Commerce, 1995, Countries, dependencies, areas of special sovereignty, and their principal administrative divisions, Federal Information Processing Standard 10-4: Washington, D.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology
      Place_Keyword: U.S.
      Place_Keyword: USA
      Place_Keyword: United States of America
      Place_Keyword: US
      Place_Keyword: United States
      Place_Keyword: U.S.A.
      Place_Keyword: Alaska
      Place_Keyword: AK
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints:
    These data were collected using funding from the U.S. Government and can be used without additional permissions or fees. If you use these data in a publication, presentation, or other research product please use the following citation:
    USDA Forest Service. 2023. USFS NLCD Percent Tree Canopy Southeastern Alaska v2021-4. Salt Lake City, UT.
    Appropriate use includes regional to national assessments of tree cover, total extent of tree cover, and aggregated summaries of tree cover
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
        Contact_Person:
        Contact_Position: Customer Services Representative
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address: 125 S. State Street, Suite 7105
        City: Salt Lake City
        State_or_Province: UT
        Postal_Code: 84138
        Country: US
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605-594-6151
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605-594-6589
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sm.fs.tcc@usda.gov
      Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h VST/-5h CDT GMT)
      Contact_Instructions:
  Data_Set_Credit:
    Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Forest Service (USFS). RedCastle Resources produced the dataset under contract to the USFS Geospatial Technology and Applications Center.
  Security_Information:
    Security_Classification_System: none
    Security_Classification: Unclassified
    Security_Handling_Description: n/a
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: Google Earth Engine v0.1.321; GDAL 3.4.3

Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
      Model performance metrics including mean of squared residuals and percent variability explained were obtained from the random forest regression model (Breiman, 2001; R Core Team 2020) used to derive tree canopy cover estimates. The mean of squared residuals was 407.3. The percent variability explained was 67.5. Additionally, 500 random forest trees were used to derive a tree canopy cover prediction for each pixel. Standard errors were calculated for each pixel using the estimates from the 500 trees. The standard errors provide information on the certainty of TCC predictions. We conducted an independent error assessment over the 2011 NLCD TCC v2021.4 map output. Thirty percent of our response data was withheld from model calibration to be used to assess error. In order to account for inconsistencies between the FIA plot location density between different states, along with plots that we did not use due to quality assurance measures, we estimated the area weight of each plot by computing Thiessen polygons for each plot centroid. In order to avoid extremely large weights for edge plots, any plot on the edge assumed the average of the weight of neighboring non-edge plots polygon weights. We then computed the weighted root mean squared error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) using the reference TCC value as the truth, and the final NLCD TCC 2011 map value as the predicted value.
      References:
        Breiman, L. 2001. Random forests. Machine Learning 45:15-32.
        Pedregosa, F., Varoquaux, G., Gramfort, A., Michel, V., Thirion, B., Grisel, O., Blondel, M., Prettenhofer, P., Weiss, R., Dubourg, V., Vanderplas, J., Passos, A., Cournapeau, D., Brucher, M., Perrot, M. and Duchesnay, E. (2011). Scikit-learn: Machine Learning in Python. In Journal of Machine Learning Research (Vol. 12, pp. 2825-2830).
        R Core Team (2020). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.
    Attribute_Accuracy_Results:
      TCC_Accuracy: For SEAK the weighted map RMSE is 20.0% TCC.
  Completeness_Report: Data extend across Southeastern coastal Alaska
  Lineage:
    Reference data include the USFS Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program photo-interpreted percent tree canopy cover (TCC). Predictor data sources include Landsat 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9 Collection 2 Tier 1 Level 1 and Sentinel 2a and 2b Level-1C top of atmosphere reflectance data, USGS 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) elevation data, and for the CONUS only the annual Crop Data Layer (CDL). These serve as the foundational model predictor data sources. The predictor data originate from the US Geological Survey Earth Resource Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Landsat and 3DEP data), the European Space Agency (ESA; Sentinel 2 data), and the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (CDL data). All predictor data access and processing is performed using the Google Earth Engine API (Gorelick, 2017).
    Citation:
      Gorelick, N., Hancher, M., Dixon, M., Ilyushchenko, S., Thau, D., and Moore, R. (2017). Google Earth Engine: Planetary-scale geospatial analysis for everyone. In Remote Sensing of Environment (Vol. 202, pp. 18-27). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.06.031
  Process_Step:
    Process_Description:
      The USFS Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program photo-interpreted percent tree canopy cover (TCC) response data. Photointerpretation (PI) measured TCC using a custom ArcGIS plug-in tool (Goeking et al., 2012) from 105-point grids placed in 90x90 squares centered on USFS FIA plot design. A total of 1,397 PI plots were used in TCC modeling.
    Citation:
      Goeking, S.A., Liknes, G.C., Lindblom, E., Chase, J., Jacobs, D.M., and Benton, R. (2012). A GIS-based tool for estimating tree canopy cover on fixed-radius plots using high-resolution aerial imagery. In: R. Morin, S. Randall, G.C. Liknes (Comps.), Moving from status to trends: Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) symposium 2012 December 4-6, Baltimore MD (pp. 237-241). (General Technical Report NRS-P-105). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. Newtown Square, PA. https://www.fs.fed.us/nrs/pubs/gtr/gtr_nrs-p-105.pdf
    Originator: USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis Program
    Title: Photo-interpreted Canopy Cover (FIA)
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
    Process_Date: 20120101
    Source_Citation_Abbreviation: FIACC
    Source_Contribution: canopy cover estimate (response/validation)
  Process_Step:
    Process_Description:
      Creation of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) derivatives. A SEAK-wide terrain dataset used a predictor layer was provided by the USGS 3D Elevation Program (U.S. Geological Survey, 2019). Slope, aspect, and the sine and cosine of aspect were calculated for each pixel following industry standards.
    Citation:
      U.S. Geological Survey. (2019). USGS 3D Elevation Program Digital Elevation Model, accessed August 2022 at https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/USGS_3DEP_10m
    Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
    Title: Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
    Process_Date:20220901
    Source_Citation_Abbreviation: DEM
    Source_Contribution: elevation data
  Process_Step:
    Process_Description:
      No annual binary agriculture data masks were produced for OCONUS to classify tree and non-tree CDL crops.
    Citation:
    Originator: USDA
    Title:
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:
    Process_Date:
    Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
    Source_Contribution:
  Process_Step:
    Process_Description:
      Two sets of annual medoid composites were created. Set 1 does not include any Landsat 7 data occurring after 2002. Set 2 includes all available Landsat 7 data through 2015. To generate annual composites Landsat and Sentinel 2 imagery were collected from 1984-2022 from Julian day 153-273 for 1984-2015, and Julian day 182-244 for 2016-2022. Landsat 7 imagery were used from 1999-2002, and not used after 2002 due to scan line correction failure in 2003. For Landsat image collections, the CFmask cloud masking algorithm, an implementation of Fmask 2.0 was applied (Zhu and Woodcock 2012; Foga et al., 2017), and the cloudScore algorithm (Chastain et al., 2019). For Sentinel-2 data, the s2Cloudless algorithm was used to mask clouds (Zupanc, 2017). We used the Temporal Dark Outlier Mask (TDOM) method to mask cloud shadows in both Landsat and Sentinel-2 (Chastain et al., 2019). For each year, the annual geometric medoid was computed to summarize the data into a single annual composite for each of the 28 tiles that span SEAK.
    Citation:
      Chastain, R., Housman, I., Goldstein, J., Finco, M., and Tenneson, K. (2019). Empirical cross sensor comparison of Sentinel-2A and 2B MSI, Landsat-8 OLI, and Landsat-7 ETM top of atmosphere spectral characteristics over the conterminous United States. In Remote Sensing of Environment (Vol. 221, pp. 274-285). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.11.012
      Foga, S., Scaramuzza, P.L., Guo, S., Zhu, Z., Dilley, R.D., Beckmann, T., Schmidt, G.L., Dwyer, J.L., Hughes, M.J., and Laue, B. (2017). Cloud detection algorithm comparison and validation for operational Landsat data products. In Remote Sensing of Environment (Vol. 194, pp. 379-390). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.03.026.
      Zhu, Z., and Woodcock, C.E. (2012). Object-based cloud and cloud shadow detection in Landsat imagery, Remote Sensing of Environment, 118, pp. 83-94.
      Zupanc, A. (2017) Improving Cloud Detection With Machine Learning. Online: https://medium.com/sentinel-hub/improvingcloud-detection-with-machine-learningc09dc5d7cf13. Accessed 20 November 2022.
    Originator: U.S. Geological Survey and European Space Agency
    Title: Annual Landsat-Sentinel2 image composites
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
    Process_Date:20221001
    Source_Citation_Abbreviation: L4TM, L5TM, L7ETM+, L8OLI, L9OLI, S2
    Source_Contribution: image composite data
  Process_Step:
    Process_Description:
      The Landsat-based detection of Trends in Disturbance and Recovery (LandTrendr) temporal segmentation algorithm was applied to the two sets of composite time series in Google Earth Engine (GEE) (Kennedy et al., 2018; Cohen et al., 2018). The resulting two sets of LandTrendr time-series fitted values were used as independent predictor variables in random forest models (Breiman 2001). Stripping artifacts were observed in preliminary modeling of TCC when LandTrendr set 2 visible bands - derived from composite set 2 data that includes all Landsat 7 data through 2015 - were included as predictor layers. To avoid stripping artifacts the visible bands from LandTrendr set 2 fitted values were not used in modeling.
    Citation:
      Breiman, L. (2001). Random forests. Machine learning (Vol. 45, pp. 15-32). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010933404324
      Cohen, W.B., Yang, Z., Healey, S.P., Kennedy, R.E., and Gorelick, N. (2018). A LandTrendr multispectral ensemble for forest disturbance detection, Remote Sensing of Environment (Vol. 205, pp. 131-140). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.11.015
      Kennedy, R., Yang, Z., Gorelick, N., Braaten, J., Cavalcante, L., Cohen, W., and Healey, S. (2018). Implementation of the LandTrendr Algorithm on Google Earth Engine. In Remote Sensing (Vol. 10, Issue 5, p. 691). https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10050691
    Originator: GTAC
    Title: Annual LandTrendr Fitted Images
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
    Process_Date:20221001
    Source_Citation_Abbreviation: LT
    Source_Contribution: landtrendr fitted data
  Process_Step:
    Process_Description:
      Creation of the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) TCC dataset (main process). The NLCD dataset is generated from the FS Science product for years 2011 through 2021. For 28, model calibration data were gathered and a random forest model was created and applied to generate the Science product.
      Six major steps were employed to map TCC and produce the NLCD product: 1) collection of reference data, 2) acquisition and/or creation of predictor layers, 3) calibration of random forests regression models for each mapping area using response data and predictor layers, 4) application of those models to predict per-pixel TCC across the entire mapping area, 5) a series of data quality filtering steps to generate the NCLD TCC product, and 6) exporting NLCD images from Google Earth Engine (GEE) to local computers for further post-processing. The methodology is described further below, in the technical methods document (Housman et al., 2023), and in an upcoming manuscript in preparation (Heyer et al., 2023). For the NLCD product, additional post-processing steps were performed.
      Step 1: Reference data, consisting of estimated TCC at each of the 2,035 FIA plot locations, were generated via aerial image interpretation of high spatial resolution images collected and supplied by the U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program. The spatial distribution of the sample points follows the FIA systematic grid (Brand et al. 2000). Low quality FIA PI observations were removed for a total of 1,397 FIA plots used in modeling
      Step 2: Predictor layers include LandTrendr fitted images spectral derivatives. The LandTrendr fitted images excludes Landsat 7 blue and green bands to avoid stripping artifacts. Other predictor layers include elevation data, and terrain derivatives (slope, aspect, sine of aspect, cosine of aspect). The processes for creating the derived layers are described separately (see related Process Steps).
      Step 3: For SEAK, a random forest model was built from 2011 response and predictor data. For the model, the variable selection R package VSURF (Genuer et al., 2015) was used to determine the number of variables to randomly sample at tree splits (mtry). Models were generated locally using the random forest regression algorithm "sklearn.ensemble.RandomForestRegressor" from the Scikit-Learn package in python (Pedregosa et al. 2011).
      Step 4: In GEE, the random forest model was applied to produce a 2-layered Science image. The first layer was the random forests mean predicted TCC value and the second layer was the standard error (SE), which is the per-pixel standard error of the random forests regression predictions from the individual regression trees.
      Step 5: From the Science TCC product the NLCD TCC product was generated following a series of post-processing steps, including various masking of non-treed pixels, a minimum-mapping unit (MMU) to reduce single pixel speckle, and a process to reduce interannual noise. For masking, a three-year moving window tree mask was produced from the Landscape Change and Monitoring System (LCMS) landcover product tree classes (Housman et al., 2022). A three-year moving window ensured TCC predictions in forested pixels were used. Next, the annual LMCS landcover water class (Housman et al., 2022) was used to mask water from the three-year moving window LCMS tree masks. To reduce single pixel speckle a one way (pixels can be converted from tree to non-tree but not visa versa) MMU was then applied to the LCMS tree masks outside of urban areas. The MMU-updated treed pixels (less than 4 pixels) surrounded by non-treed pixels to non-treed pixels. In order to avoid masking highly fragmented tree cover common over urban areas, a separate urban tree mask was produced. The urban TCC mask includes the TIGER U.S. Census Block 2018 data, LCMS land use developed data, and statistic that normalized the expected error, which we refer to as tau was calculated (Coulston et al., 2016). The TIGER and LCMS developed data were used to separate urban TCC from non-urban TCC. The tau statistic at the 70 percent confidence level (or quantile) was used to threshold the TCC values in urban areas. For SEAK, the tau statistic at the 78 percent confidence level was also used for tall shrub areas where trees are often found. If a TCC value subtracted from the tau multiplied by the standard error value was less than 0, the TCC value was changed to 0. The final urban TCC mask was the combination of the TIGER, LCMS land use developed data and tau thresholded mask. The LCMS tree mask and urban TCC masks were applied to annual TCC images to produce the NLCD TCC v2021-4 product.
      Step 6: Following model application, the NLCD TCC images were exported from GEE to local computers for post-processing. During post-processing cog tifs were generated, statistics were calculated, pyramid layers were built, and color ramps were applied to each NLCD TCC image. For each NLCD TCC image, the non-area processing value is 254, and the background value is 255.
    Citation:
      Brand, G.J., Nelson, M.D., Wendt, D.G., and Nimerfro, K.K. (2000). The hexagon/panel system for selecting FIA plots under an annual inventory. In: McRoberts, R.E.; Reams, G.A.; Van Deusen, P.C., eds. Proceedings of the First Annual Forest Inventory and Analysis Symposium; Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-213. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station: 8-13
      Breiman, L. (2001). Random forests. Machine Learning (Vol. 45, pp. 5-32)
      Brooks, E.B., Thomas, V.A., Wynne, R.H., Coulston, J.W. (2012). Fitting the multitemporal curve: a fourier series approach to the missing data problem in remote sensing analysis. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (Vol. 50, Issue 9, pp. 3340-3353)
      Coulston, J.W., Blinn, C.E., Thomas, V.A., and Wynne, R.H. (2016). Approximating prediction uncertainty for random forest regression models. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (Vol. 82, Issue 3, pp. 189-197)
      Dewitz, J., and U.S. Geological Survey. (2021). National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2019 Products (ver. 2.0, June 2021): U.S. Geological Survey data release, doi:10.5066/P9KZCM54
      Genuer, R., Poggi, J.M., and Tuleau-Malot, C. (2015). VSURF: an R package for variable selection using random forests. The R Journal, 7(2), 19-33.
      Heyer, J., Schleeweis, K., Ruefenacht, B., Housman, I., Megown, K., and Bogle, M. (2023). A time invariant modeling approach to produce annual tree-canopy cover for the conterminous United States. Salt Lake City, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Geospatial Technology and Applications Center. [Manuscript in Preparation]
      Housman, I.W., Campbell, L.S., Heyer, J.P., Goetz, W.E., Finco, M.V., and Pugh, N., Megown, K. (2022). US Forest Service Landscape Change Monitoring System Methods Version 2021.7. GTAC-10252-RPT3. Salt Lake City, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Geospatial Technology and Applications Center. 27 p. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.19965.23524
      Housman, I., Heyer, J., Ruefenacht, B., Schleeweis, K., Bogle, M., and Megown, K. (2023). National Land Cover Database Tree Canopy Cover Methods v2021-4. Salt Lake City, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Geospatial Technology and Applications Center
      Pedregosa, F., Varoquaux, G., Gramfort, A., Michel, V., Thirion, B., Grisel, O., Blondel, M., Prettenhofer, P., Weiss, R., Dubourg, V., Vanderplas, J., Passos, A., Cournapeau, D., Brucher, M., Perrot, M. and Duchesnay, E. (2011). Scikit-learn: Machine Learning in Python. In Journal of Machine Learning Research (Vol. 12, pp. 2825-2830).
    Originator: GTAC
    Title: Annual NLCD Tree Canopy Cover Images
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
    Process_Date:20230901
    Source_Citation_Abbreviation: TCC
    Source_Contribution: nlcd tree canopy cover images

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
  Raster_Object_Information:
    Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell
    Number_of_Dimensions: 2
    Cell_Geometry: Area
    Attribute_Description: Percent tree canopy cover
    Content_Type: Image
    Band_min_value: 0.0
    Band_max_value: 254.0
    Band_Units: Percent
    Band_bits_per_value: 8
    Column (x-axis):
      Dimension_Name: Column (x-axis)
      Dimension_Size: 20294
      Dimension_Resolution: 30 meters
    Row (y-axis):
      Dimension_Name: Row (y-axis)
      Dimension_Size: 51391
      Dimension_Resolution: 30 meters

Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Map_Projection:
        Map_Projection_Name: Albers Conical Equal Area
        Albers_Conical_Equal_Area:
          Standard_Parallel: 29.5
          Standard_Parallel: 45.5
          Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -96.0
          Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 23.0
          False_Easting: 0.0
          False_Northing: 0.0
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 0.0000000037527980722984474
          Ordinate_Resolution: 0.0000000037527980722984474
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: WGS 1984
      Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 1980
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type: Thematic Classification
      Entity_Type_Label: nlcd_tcc_seak_2012_v2021-4.tif
  Attribute:
    Attribute_Label: OID
    Attribute_Definition: ObjectID Field
    Attribute_Definition_Source:ESRI
    Attribute_Type: Short integer
    Attribute_Width: 1 byte
    Attribute_Precision: 3
    Attribute_Scale: 0
  Attribute:
    Attribute_Label: Value
    Attribute_Definition:Percent tree canopy cover
    Attribute_Definition_Source:ESRI
    Attribute_Type: Short integer
    Attribute_Width: 1 byte
    Attribute_Precision: 3
    Attribute_Scale: 0
    Range_Domain:
      Range_Domain_Minimum:0
      Range_Domain_Maximum:100
      Attribute_unit_of_Measure: Percent
  Attribute:
    Attribute_Label: Blue
    Attribute_Definition: Total number of pixels per classification
    Attribute_Definition_Source:ESRI
    Attribute_Type: Long integer
    Attribute_Width: 8 bytes
    Attribute_Precision: 10
    Attribute_Scale: 0
  Attribute:
    Attribute_Label: Green
    Attribute_Definition: Color ramp red value
    Attribute_Definition_Source:ESRI
    Attribute_Type: Short integer
    Attribute_Width: 1 byte
    Attribute_Precision: 3
    Attribute_Scale: 0
  Attribute:
    Attribute_Label: Red
    Attribute_Definition: Color ramp green value
    Attribute_Definition_Source:ESRI
    Attribute_Type: Short integer
    Attribute_Width: 1 byte
    Attribute_Precision: 3
    Attribute_Scale: 0
  Attribute:
    Attribute_Label: Count
    Attribute_Definition: Color ramp blue value
    Attribute_Definition_Source:ESRI
    Attribute_Type: Short integer
    Attribute_Width: 1 byte
    Attribute_Precision: 3
    Attribute_Scale: 0

Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
        Contact_Person:
        Contact_Position: Customer Services Representative
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address: 125 S. State Street, Suite 7105
        City: Salt Lake City
        State_or_Province: UT
        Postal_Code: 84138
        Country: US
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605-594-6151
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605-594-6589
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sm.fs.tcc@usda.gov
      Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 MT, M – F
  Resource_Description: Downloadable data
  Distribution_Liability:
    The USDA Forest Service makes no warranty, expressed or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, nor assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, reliability, completeness or utility of these geospatial data, or for the improper or incorrect use of these geospatial data. These geospatial data and related maps or graphics are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such. The data and maps may not be used to determine title, ownership, legal descriptions or boundaries, legal jurisdiction, or restrictions that may be in place on either public or private land. Tree Canopy Cover changes may or may not be depicted on the data and maps, and land users should exercise due caution. The data are dynamic and may change over time. The user is responsible to verify the limitations of the geospatial data and to use the data accordingly.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name:
                https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/rastergateway/LCMS/
                https://apps.fs.usda.gov/lcms-viewer
          Access_Instructions: Downloadable data

Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20231001
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
        Contact_Person:
        Contact_Position: Customer Services Representative
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address: 125 S. State Street, Suite 7105
        City: Salt Lake City
        State_or_Province: UT
        Postal_Code: 84138
        Country: US
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605-594-6151
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605-594-6589
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sm.fs.tcc@usda.gov
      Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 MT, M – F
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: ISO 19139 Metadata Implementation Specification
  Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
  Metadata_Access_Constraints:
    The USDA Forest Service makes no warranty, expressed or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, nor assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, reliability, completeness or utility of these geospatial data, or for the improper or incorrect use of these geospatial data. These geospatial data and related maps or graphics are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such. The data and maps may not be used to determine title, ownership, legal descriptions or boundaries, legal jurisdiction, or restrictions that may be in place on either public or private land. Tree Canopy Cover changes may or may not be depicted on the data and maps, and land users should exercise due caution. The data are dynamic and may change over time. The user is responsible to verify the limitations of the geospatial data and to use the data accordingly.