Publications

Zhou, Q., Zhu, Z., Xian, G.Z., and Li, C., 2022, A novel regression method for harmonic analysis of time series: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, v. 185, p. 48–61, at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2022.01.006.

Zhou, Q., Xian, G.Z., Viola, D., and Li, C., 2021, Development of the LCMAP land cover mapping and change monitoring data set for Alaska [poster], in Fall Meeting, New Orleans, La. and online virtual, 13–17 December 2021, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper B35D-1452, at https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm21/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/871316.

Zhou, Q., Smith, K., Zelenak, D., Barber, C.P., and Tollerud, H.J., 2018, Training data selection for annual land cover classification for the LCMAP [abs.], in Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C., 10–14 December 2018, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper B13B-04, at https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm18/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/350403.

Zhou, Q., Barber, C.P., and Xian, G.Z., 2019, Comparative study between NLCD and LCMAP land cover maps [abs.], in Continuous monitoring of our changing planet—From sensors to decisions, Pecora 21/ISRSE 38, Baltimore, Md., 6–11 October 2019: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Yang, L., Xian, G., Klaver, J.M., and Deal, B., 2003, Urban land-cover change detection through sub-pixel imperviousness mapping using remotely sensed data: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 69, no. 9, p. 1003–1010, at https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.69.9.1003.

Yang, L., Stehman, S.V., Smith, J.H., and Wickham, J.D., 2001, Thematic accuracy of MRLC land cover for the eastern United States: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 76, no. 3, p. 418–422, at https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(01)00187-0.

Yang, L., Jin, S., Danielson, P., Homer, C.G., Gass, L., Bender, S.M., Case, A., Costello, C., Dewitz, J.A., et al., 2018, A new generation of the United States National Land Cover Database—Requirements, research priorities, design, and implementation strategies: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, v. 146, p. 108–123, at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.09.006.

Yang, L., Huang, C., Homer, C.G., Wylie, B.K., and Coan, M.J., 2003, An approach for mapping large-area impervious surfaces—Synergistic use of Landsat-7 ETM+ and high spatial resolution imagery: Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 29, no. 2, p. 230–240, at https://doi.org/10.5589/m02-098.

Yang, L., Homer, C.G., Brock, J., and Fry, J.A., 2013, An efficient method for change detection of soil, vegetation and water in the Northern Gulf of Mexico wetland ecosystem: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 34, no. 18, p. 6321–6336, at https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2013.800653.

Yang, L., 2008, Development of the United States National Land Cover Database—Experience from 1992 and 2001 implementation, in Silk road for information from imagery, Congress, 21st, Beijing, China, 3–11 July 2008, ISPRS Archives, XXXVII, pt. B4: Lemmer, Netherlands, International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, p. 1461–1465, at https://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXVII/congress/4_pdf/257.pdf.

Xian, G.Z., Smith, K., Wellington, D.F., Horton, J.A., Zhou, Q., Li, C., Auch, R.F., Brown, J.F., Zhu, Z., et al., 2022, Implementation of the CCDC algorithm to produce the LCMAP Collection 1.0 annual land surface change product: Earth System Science Data, v. 14, p. 143–162, at https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-143-2022.

Xian, G.Z., Brown, J.F., and Wellington, D.F., 2023, Annual land cover change and validation across the conterminous United States [poster], in Fall Meeting, San Francisco, Calif. and online virtual, 11–15 December 2023, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, at https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm23/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/1350605.

Xian, G.Z., 2019, NLCD 2016 impervious surface distribution and change patterns [abs.], in Continuous monitoring of our changing planet—From sensors to decisions, Pecora 21/ISRSE 38, Baltimore, Md., 6–11 October 2019: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Xian, G., Yang, L., Klaver, J.M., and Hossain, S.M.N., 2006, Measuring urban sprawl and extent through multitemporal imperviousness mapping, in Acevedo, W., Taylor, J.L., Hester, D.J., Mladinich, C.S., and Glavac, S.M., eds., Rates, trends, causes, and consequences of urban land-use change in the United States: Reston, Va., U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 2006–1726, p. 59–64, at https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1726.

Xian, G., Shi, H., Dewitz, J., and Wu, Z., 2019, Performances of WorldView 3, Sentinel 2, and Landsat 8 data in mapping impervious surface: Remote Sensing Applications—Society and Environment, v. 15, article 100246, at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2019.100246.

Xian, G., Homer, C.G., and Yang, L., 2011, Development of the USGS National Land Cover Database over two decades, in Weng, Q.H., ed., Advances in environmental remote sensing—Sensors, algorithms, and applications: Boca Raton, Fla., CRC Press, p. 525–543, at https://doi.org/10.1201/b10599-30.

Xian, G., Homer, C.G., and Vogelmann, J.E., 2013, Regional patterns of vegetation shifts due to climate change [abs.], in Fall Meeting, San Francisco, Calif., 9–13 December 2013, Fall Meeting Abstracts: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper B44A–07, at https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013AGUFM.B44A..07X/abstract.

Xian, G., Homer, C.G., Meyer, D.K., Granneman, B.J., and Dewitz, J.A., 2011, Developing a shrub canopy cover product for NLCD across the conterminous United States—Prototype design and implementation [abs.], in Forty years of Earth observations... understanding a changing world, William T. Pecora Memorial Symposium on Remote Sensing, 18th, Herndon, Va., 14–17 November 2011: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Xian, G., Homer, C.G., Granneman, B.J., and Meyer, D.K., 2012, Producing fractional rangeland component predictions in a sagebrush ecosystem, a Wyoming sensitivity analysis: Reston, Va., U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012–1239, 18 p., at https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121239.

Xian, G., Homer, C.G., and Fry, J.A., 2008, Monitoring and analyzing land cover changes from 2001 to 2006 in five study areas [abs.], in Annual Meeting, Boston, Mass., 15–19 April 2008, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Association of Geographers, paper 21556.

Xian, G., Homer, C.G., Dewitz, J.A., Fry, J.A., Hossain, S.M.N., and Wickham, J.D., 2011, Change of impervious surface area between 2001 and 2006 in the conterminous United States: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 77, no. 8, p. 758–762, at http://digitaleditions.walsworthprintgroup.com/publication/?i=76838&p=5&view=issueViewer&pp=1.

Xian, G., Homer, C.G., and Aldridge, C.L., 2012, Effects of land cover and regional climate variations on long-term spatiotemporal changes in sagebrush ecosystems: GIScience and Remote Sensing, v. 49, no. 3, p. 378–396, at https://doi.org/10.2747/1548-1603.49.3.378.

Xian, G., and Homer, C.G., 2017, NLCD future plans [abs.], in Observing a changing Earth—Science for decisions . . . monitoring, assessment, projection, Pecora 20, Sioux Falls, S. Dak., 13–16 November 2017: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Xian, G., and Homer, C.G., 2012, Urbanization trends (2001–2006) in the conterminous United States [abs.], in Annual Meeting, New York, N.Y., 24–28 February 2012, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Association of Geographers, paper 47750, at https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011AGUFMGC33B1083X/abstract.

Xian, G., and Homer, C.G., 2009, Monitoring urban land cover change by updating the national land cover database impervious surface products, in Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event, Shanghai, China, 20–22 May 2009, Proceedings: Piscataway, N.J., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), paper 5137597, at https://doi.org/10.1109/URS.2009.5137597.

Xian, G., and Homer, C.G., 2009, Evaluation of urban land cover and land use—Large scale quantification and characterization from satellite-based remote sensing [abs.], in Fall Meeting, San Francisco, Calif., 14–18 December 2009, Eos Transactions, Suppl., v. 90, no. 52: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper B33D–0426, at https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009AGUFM.B33D0426X/abstract.

Xian, G., Crane, M.P., and Su, J., 2007, An analysis of urban development and its environmental impact on the Tampa Bay watershed: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 85, no. 4, p. 965–976, at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.11.012.

Xian, G., Crane, M.P., and McMahon, C., 2008, Quantifying multi-temporal urban development characteristics in Las Vegas from Landsat and ASTER data: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 74, no. 4, p. 473–481, at https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.74.4.473.

Xian, G., Crane, M.P., and McMahon, C., 2006, Analysis of urban land use change in the Las Vegas metropolitan area using multi-temporal satellite imagery, in Prospecting for geospatial information integration, Annual Conference, Reno, Nev., 1–5 May 2006, Proceedings: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, paper 0172

Xian, G., Crane, M.P., and Granneman, B.J., 2006, Utility of thermal infrared satellite data for urban landscapes [abs.], in Fall Meeting, San Francisco, Calif., 11–15 December 2006, Eos Transactions, Suppl., v. 87, no. 52: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper H33E–1559, at https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006AGUFM.H33E1559X/abstract.

Xian, G., and Crane, M.P., 2006, An analysis of urban thermal characteristics and associated land cover in Tampa Bay and Las Vegas using Landsat satellite data: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 104, no. 2, p. 147–156, at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.09.023.

Xian, G., Acevedo, W., and Nelson, J., 2000, Urban development in the Chicago area—A dynamic model study, in Problems, prospects and research needs, Integrating GIS and Environmental Modeling (GIS/EM4), 4th International, Banff, Alberta, Canada, 2–8 September 2000, Proceedings: Boulder, Colo., University of Colorado, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences p. 1–9, at https://www.ncgia.ucsb.edu/projects/gig/Repository/references/Chicago_IL/xian_2000.PDF.

Xian, G., 2018, Characterization of decadal urban land cover variations from National Land Cover Product [abs.], in Annual Meeting, New Orleans, La., 10–14 April 2018, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Association of Geographers, paper 13905, at https://aag.secure-abstracts.com/AAG%20Annual%20Meeting%202018/abstracts-gallery/13905.

Xian, G., 2017, Characterizations of urban land cover by NLCD and other global mapping efforts [abs.], in Observing a changing Earth—Science for decisions . . . monitoring, assessment, projection, Pecora 20, Sioux Falls, S. Dak., 13–16 November 2017: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Xian, G., 2016, Development of National Land Cover 2016 product [abs.], in Annual Meeting, San Francisco, Calif., 29 March–2 April 2016, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Association of Geographers, paper 70495.

Xian, G., 2008, Satellite remotely-sensed land surface parameters and their climatic effects for three metropolitan regions: Advances in Space Research, v. 41, no. 11, p. 1861–1869, at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2007.11.004.

Xian, G., 2007, Assessing urban growth with subpixel impervious surface coverage, in Weng, Q., and Quattrochi, D.A., eds., Urban remote sensing: Boca Raton, Fla., CRC Press, p. 179–199, at https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/mono/10.1201/9781315166612-17/.

Wylie, B.K., Boyte, S.P., and Major, D.J., 2017, Cheatgrass maps to inform land management decisions [abs.], in Red Rock Rangelands, St. George, Utah, 29 January–2 February 2017, Annual Meeting Abstracts: Littleton, Colo., Society for Range Management, at https://rangelands.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/2017-SRM-Annual-Meeting-Abstracts.pdf.

Worstell, B.B., Boyte, S.P., Howard, D.M., Brown, J.F., Wylie, B.K., and Dahal, D., 2017, Expedited start of growing season estimates assist rapid prediction of invasive cheatgrass in the Great Basin [poster], in Observing a changing Earth—Science for decisions . . . monitoring, assessment, projection, Pecora 20, Sioux Falls, S. Dak., 13–16 November 2017: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Wickham, J.D., Stehman, S.V., Smith, J.H., Wade, T.G., and Yang, L., 2004, A priori evaluation of two-stage cluster sampling for accuracy assessment of large-area land-cover maps: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 25, no. 6, p. 1235–1252, at https://doi.org/10.1080/0143116031000149998.

Wickham, J.D., Stehman, S.V., Fry, J.A., Smith, J.H., and Homer, C.G., 2010, Thematic accuracy of the NLCD 2001 land cover for the conterminous United States: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 114, no. 6, p. 1286–1296, at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.018.

Wickham, J.D., Riitters, K.H., Wade, T.G., Coan, M.J., and Homer, C.G., 2007, The effect of Appalachian mountaintop mining on interior forest: Landscape Ecology, v. 22, no. 2, p. 179–187, at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-006-9040-z.

Wickham, J., Stehman, S.V., Sorenson, D.G., Gass, L., Dewitz, J.A., and Kilaru, J.V., 2026, Thematic accuracy assessment of the National Land Cover Database (NLCD2021) for the conterminous United States: GIScience & Remote Sensing, v. 63, no. 1, article 2659490, at https://doi.org/10.1080/15481603.2026.2659490.

Wickham, J., Stehman, S.V., Sorenson, D.G., Gass, L., and Dewitz, J.A., 2021, Thematic accuracy assessment of the NLCD 2016 land cover for the conterminous United States: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 257, article 112357, at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112357.

Wickham, J., Stehman, S.V., and Homer, C.G., 2018, Spatial patterns of the United States National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) land-cover change thematic accuracy (2001–2011): International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 39, no. 6, p. 1729–1743, at https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2017.1410298.

Wickham, J., and Riitters, K.H., 2019, Influence of high-resolution data on the assessment of forest fragmentation: Landscape Ecology, v. 34, no. 9, p. 2169–2182, at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-019-00820-z.

Wickham, J., Nash, M.S., and Barnes, C.A., 2016, Effect of land cover change on snow free surface albedo across the continental United States: Global and Planetary Change, v. 146, p. 1–9, at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.09.005.

Wickham, J., Barnes, C.A., Nash, M.S., and Wade, T.G., 2015, Combining NLCD and MODIS to create a land cover-albedo database for the continental United States: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 170, p. 143–152, at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.09.012.

Vogt, P., Wickham, J., Barredo, J.I., and Riitters, K., 2024, Revisiting the Landscape Mosaic model: PLoS ONE, v. 19, article e0304215, at https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304215.

Vogelmann, J.E., and Wickham, J.D., 2000, Implementation strategy for production of National Land-Cover Data (NLCD) from the Landsat 7 Thematic Mapper satellite: Washington, D.C., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency EPA/600/R–00/051 (NTIS PB2001-101756), at https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_report.cfm?dirEntryId=63226&Lab=NERL.

Vogelmann, J.E., Sohl, T.L., Campbell, P.V., and Shaw, D.M., 1998, Regional land cover characterization using Landsat Thematic Mapper data and ancillary data sources: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 51, no. 1–2, p. 415–428, at https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005996900217.

Vogelmann, J.E., 2017, A new generation of U.S. land change products [abs.], in Observing a changing Earth—Science for decisions . . . monitoring, assessment, projection, Pecora 20, Sioux Falls, S. Dak., 13–16 November 2017: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Tredennick, A.T., Hooten, M.B., Aldridge, C.L., Homer, C.G., Kleinhesselink, A.R., and Adler, P.B., 2016, Forecasting climate change impacts on plant populations over large spatial extents: Ecosphere, v. 7, no. 10, article e01525, at https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1525.

Tollerud, H.J., Fleckenstein, R., Jin, S., and Brown, J.F., 2024, Future directions and updating capabilities for Annual NLCD [abs.], in Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C. and online virtual, 9–13 December 2024, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper B53A-1712, at https://agu.confex.com/agu/agu24/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/1588408.

Tollerud, H.J., Barber, C.P., Brown, J.F., Larson, T., Reker, R.R., Smith, K., Zhou, Q., and Zhu, Z., 2019, Future directions and update capabilities for LCMAP [abs.], in Continuous monitoring of our changing planet—From sensors to decisions, Pecora 21/ISRSE 38, Baltimore, Md., 6–11 October 2019: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Tipton, J., Moisen, G., Patterson, P., Jackson, T.A., and Coulston, J., 2012, Sampling intensity and normalizations—Exploring cost-driving factors in nationwide mapping of tree canopy cover, in McWilliams, W., and Roesch, F.A., eds., Monitoring across borders, 2010 Joint Meeting of the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Symposium and the Southern Mensurationists: Asheville, N.C., U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Reearch Station Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-157, p. 201–208, at https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/41008.

Taylor, J.L., Auch, R.F., Sayler, K.L., Pengra, B.W., Horton, J.A., Smith, K., and Reker, R.R., 2019, LCMAP land cover classification and land cover change metrics, 1985-2016 based on the LCMAP reference data set [poster], in Fall Meeting, San Francisco, Calif., 9–13 December 2019, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper B11I-2296, at https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm19/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/594933.

U.S. Geological Survey, and Rigge, M.B., 2019, National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2016 shrubland fractional components for the western U.S. (ver. 3.0, July 2020): U.S. Geological Survey data release, at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9MJVQSQ.

U.S. Geological Survey, 2025, Annual NLCD (National Land Cover Database)—The next generation of land cover mapping: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2025–3001, 4 p., at https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20253001.

U.S. Geological Survey, 2024, LCMAP Land Cover and Land Change Conterminous U.S. Collection 1.3: U.S. Geological Survey data release, at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9C46NG0.

U.S. Geological Survey, 2024, LCMAP Preliminary Duplicate Attributes Collection for CONUS Reference Data 1984-2016 land cover and land use attributes: U.S. Geological Survey data release, at https://doi.org/10.5066/P98OODYS.

U.S. Geological Survey, 2021, USGS EROS Archive - LCMAP- Continuous Change Detection Classification v1.2 (CCDC) Products (U.S.): U.S. Geological Survey data release, at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9SW95Z0.

U.S. Geological Survey, 2014, National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2011 Land Cover Conterminous United States (ver. 2.0, May 2024): U.S. Geological Survey data release, at https://doi.org/10.5066/P97S2IID.

U.S. Geological Survey, 2006, MRLC Consortium—National Land Cover Database 2001: Reston, Va., U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2006–3018, 2 p., at https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20063018.

U.S. Geological Survey, 2000, National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 1992 Land Cover Conterminous United States: U.S. Geological Survey data release, at https://doi.org/10.5066/P92G34R9.

Stehman, S.V., Wickham, J.D., Yang, L., and Smith, J.H., 2000, Assessing the accuracy of large-area land cover maps—Experiences from the Multi-resolution Land-cover Characteristics (MRLC) project, in Accuracy 2000, International Symposium on Spatial Accuracy Assessment in Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, 4th, Amsterdam, Netherlands, July 2000, Proceedings: Netherlands, Delft University Press, p. 601–608.

Stehman, S.V., Pengra, B.W., Horton, J.A., and Wellington, D.F., 2021, Validation of the U.S. Geological Survey's Land Change Monitoring, Assessment and Projection (LCMAP) Collection 1.0 annual land cover products 1985–2017: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 265, article 112646, at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112646.

Stehman, S., Pengra, B.W., and Auch, R.F., 2019, Use of LCMAP reference data for accuracy assessment and area estimation [abs.], in Continuous monitoring of our changing planet—From sensors to decisions, Pecora 21/ISRSE 38, Baltimore, Md., 6–11 October 2019: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Soulard, C., and Rigge, M.B., 2020, Application of empirical land-cover changes to construct climate change scenarios in federally managed lands: Remote Sensing, v. 12, no. 15, article 2360, at https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12152360.

Sohl, T.L., Vogelmann, J.E., Wylie, B.K., Larson, C.R., and Van Driel, J.N., 1999, Creation of a 30-meter land cover database for the conterminous United States—Accomplishments and future goals, in From image to information, Annual Conference and Exhibition, Portland, Oreg., 17–21 May 1999, Proceedings: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Sohl, T.L., Jin, S., Dewitz, J.A., Wickham, J., Brown, J.F., Stehman, S., Herold, N., Schleeweis, K., Tollerud, H.J., et al., 2025, Thirty years of the U.S. National Land Cover Database—Impacts and future direction: Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, v. 91, no. 10, p. 647–659, at https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.25-00121R2.

Sohl, T.L., Dornbierer, J.M., Wika, S., and Robison, C.J., 2019, Remote sensing as the foundation for high-resolution United States landscape projections—The Land Change Monitoring, Assessment, and Projection (LCMAP) Initiative: Environmental Modelling & Software, v. 120, article 104495, at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2019.104495.

Smith, J.H., Wickham, J.D., Stehman, S.V., and Yang, L., 2002, Impacts of patch size and land-cover heterogeneity on thematic image classification accuracy: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 68, no. 1, p. 65–70, at https://www.asprs.org/wp-content/uploads/pers/2002journal/january/2002_jan_65-70.pdf.

Shi, H., Xian, G., Dewitz, J.A., and Wu, Z., 2018, Assessment of performances of different remotely sensed data in impervious surface mapping [abs.], in Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C., 10–14 December 2018, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper B31I-2592, at https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm18/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/363348.

Shi, H., Rigge, M.B., Homer, C.G., Xian, G., Meyer, D.K., and Bunde, B., 2018, Historical cover trends in a sagebrush steppe ecosystem from 1985 to 2013—Links with climate, disturbance, and management: Ecosystems, v. 21, no. 5, p. 913–929, at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0191-3.

Shi, H., Homer, C.G., Rigge, M.B., Postma, K., and Xian, G., 2020, Analyzing vegetation change in a sagebrush ecosystem using long‐term field observations and Landsat imagery in Wyoming: Ecosphere, v. 11, no. 12, article e03311, at https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3311.

Selkowitz, D.J., 2010, A comparison of multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal remote sensing datasets for fractional shrub canopy mapping in Arctic Alaska: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 114, no. 7, p. 1338–1352, at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.012.

Sakshi, S., John, R., Goljani, R., Kolluru, V., Jain, K., Rigge, M.B., Giannico, V., Boyte, S.P., Chen, J., et al., 2023, Biophysical drivers for predicting the distribution and abundance of invasive yellow sweetclover in the Northern Great Plains: Landscape Ecology, v. 38, p. 1463–1479, at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-023-01613-1.

Rover, J., and Sayler, K.L., 2021, Understanding land change—Monitoring, assessing, and projecting US landscapes [abs.], in Annual Meeting, online virtual, 12–16 April 2021, Proceedings: Logan, Utah, International Association of Landscape Ecology, at https://whova.com/embedded/session/inaac_202104/1540610/.

Rover, J., and Barber, C.P., 2020, The value of Land Cover Monitoring, Assessment, and Projection Collection 1 Science Products for applications in land cover science [abs.], in Fall Meeting, online virtual, 1–17 December 2020, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper GC106-06, at https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm20/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/705030.

Riitters, K.H., Wickham, J.D., Vogelmann, J.E., and Jones, K.B., 2000, National land-cover pattern data: Ecology, v. 81, no. 2, p. 604–604, at https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2000)081[0604:NLCPD]2.0.CO;2.

Rigge, M.B., Shi, H., and Postma, K., 2021, Projected change in rangeland fractional component cover across the sagebrush biome under climate change through 2085: Ecosphere, v. 12, no. 6, article e03538, at https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3538.

Rigge, M.B., Shi, H., Homer, C.G., Xian, G., Meyer, D.K., and Bunde, B., 2017, Historical trends of continuous cover components in a Sagebrush Steppe Ecosystem 1985-2013—Links with climate, disturbance, and management [abs.], in Annual Meeting, Boston, Mass., 5–9 April 2017, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Association of Geographers, paper 82791, at https://app.core-apps.com/aagam2017/abstract/dcb181785f7fd70d2b1bd16d5ac867be.

Rigge, M.B., Postma, K., Dahal, D., Dornbierer, J.M., Megard, L.J., Benedict, T.D., and Bunde, B., 2026, Weekly Herbaceous and Exotic Annual Grass (EAG) Cover for western North America 2016–2026: U.S. Geological Survey data release, at https://doi.org/10.5066/P13QWBFH.

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Jin, S., Yang, L., Danielson, P., Dewitz, J.A., Homer, C.G., and Xian, G., 2018, Overall method design for NLCD 2016—2001-2016 land cover and land cover change [abs.], in Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C., 10–14 December 2018, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper B21C-05, at https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm18/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/354725.

Jin, S., Robinson, T., Smith, K., Danielson, P., Postma, K., and Dewitz, J.A., 2024, A new method for producing annual cloud-free composite images of 1984-2023 from Landsat Collection 2 for NLCD 2023 production [abs.], in Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C. and online virtual, 9–13 December 2024, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper B11G-1390, at https://agu.confex.com/agu/agu24/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/1514535.

Jin, S., Dewitz, J.A., Sorenson, D., Shogib, R., Granneman, B.J., Case, A., Li, C., Zhe, Z., Danielson, P., et al., 2021, National Land Cover Database 2019—A comprehensive strategy for creating the 1986-2019 Forest Disturbance Date Product [abs.], in Fall Meeting, New Orleans, La. and online virtual, 13–17 December 2021, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper B41B-07, at https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm21/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/960755.

Jin, S., and Dewitz, J.A., 2022, NLCD change detection using CCDC synthetic and composite imagery [abs.], in Opening the aperture to innovation—Expanding our collective understanding of a changing Earth, Pecora 22, Denver, Colo., 23–28 October 2022: Madison, Wisc., Association of State Floodplain Managers.

Huang, C., Yang, L., Wylie, B.K., and Homer, C.G., 2001, A strategy for estimating tree canopy density using Landsat 7 ETM+ and high resolution images over large areas, in International Conference on Geospatial Information in Agriculture and Forestry, 3rd, Denver, Colo., 5–7 November 2001, Proceedings: Ann Arbor, Mich., Veridian, p. 1–10, at https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgspubs/111/.

Hossain, S.M.N., Homer, C.G., Fry, J.A., and Dewitz, J.A., 2007, Conterminous United States land cover results from the 2001 National Land Cover Database [abs.], in Annual Meeting, San Francisco, Calif., 17–21 April 2007, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Association of Geographers, paper 14422.

Horton, J.A., Pengra, B.W., Stehman, S.V., and Wellington, D.F., 2021, Creation of a land cover and land change reference dataset for LCMAP validation of CONUS, Hawaii, and Alaska [abs.], in Annual Meeting, online virtual, 12–16 April 2021, Proceedings: Logan, Utah, International Association of Landscape Ecology, at https://whova.com/embedded/session/cuvWIpUk57hP88K9ut-RlI0AUXVkKlofsSdh3bWQxL8%3D/1540613/?widget=primary.

Homer, C.G., Yang, L., Coan, M.J., Dewitz, J.A., and Wylie, B.K., 2004, Status of the 2001 National Land Cover Database for the United States [abs.], in Mountains of data, peak decisions, Annual Conference, Denver, Colo., 23–28 May 2004: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Homer, C.G., Huang, C., Yang, L., and Wylie, B.K., 2002, Development of a circa 2000 land cover database for the United States, in ACSM–ASPRS Conference and Technology Exhibition, Annual Conference, Washington, D.C., 19–26 April 2002, Proceedings: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, p. 1–13, at https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgspubs/108/.

Homer, C.G., Dewitz, J.A., Jin, S., and Xian, G., 2019, Completion of the 2016 National Land Cover Database, revealing patterns of conterminous U.S. land cover change from 2001 to 2016 [abs.], in Fall Meeting, San Francisco, Calif., 9–13 December 2019, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper B24A-03, at https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm19/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/502981.

Homer, C.G., Dewitz, J.A., Fry, J.A., and Coan, M.J., 2007, Completion of the 2001 National Land Cover Database for the conterminous United States [abs.], in Annual Meeting, San Francisco, Calif., 17–21 April 2007, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Association of Geographers, paper 13575.

Homer, C.G., 2019, Release of the 2016 U.S. National Land Cover Database, providing new opportunities for land cover science [abs.], in Continuous monitoring of our changing planet—From sensors to decisions, Pecora 21/ISRSE 38, Baltimore, Md., 6–11 October 2019: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Homer, C.G., 2018, Characterization of historic shrub component change across the U.S. West with Landsat, providing new insights into historical change patterns [abs.], in Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C., 10–14 December 2018, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper B14B-04, at https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm18/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/348057.

Homer, C.G., 2017, The National Land Cover Database, delivering land cover change data for the nation since 2001—History, status and future plans [abs.], in Observing a changing Earth—Science for decisions . . . monitoring, assessment, projection, Pecora 20, Sioux Falls, S. Dak., 13–16 November 2017: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Homer, C.G., 2013, Comparison of multi-scale remote sensing continuous field component change to precipitation variation in a sagebrush ecosystem, across seasons and years [abs.], in Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, Calif., 9–13 April 2013, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Association of Geographers, paper 53363.

Homer, C.G., 2010, The National Land Cover Database, current status and future plans [abs.], in Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C., 14–18 April 2010, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Association of Geographers, paper 28209.

Homer, C.G., 2001, The Multi-Resolution Land Characterization Program [abs.], in 2001 Arctic Science Odyssey—Exploring new technologies and methodologies for Arctic science management, Arctic Science Conference, 52nd, Anchorage, Alaska, 12–15 September 2001, Program and Abstracts 52: Fairbanks, Alaska, American Association for the Advancement of Science, p. 95.

Gallo, K., and Xian, G., 2017, Urban land cover and impervious surface changes in the Great Plains between 2001 and 2011 [abs.], in Observing a changing Earth—Science for decisions . . . monitoring, assessment, projection, Pecora 20, Sioux Falls, S. Dak., 13–16 November 2017: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Fry, J.A., Coan, M.J., Homer, C.G., Meyer, D.K., and Wickham, J., 2008, Completion of the National Land Cover Database 1992/2001 retrofit land cover change product [abs.], in Annual Meeting, Boston, Mass., 15–19 April 2008, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Association of Geographers, paper 20962.

Fleckenstein, R., Jin, S., Tollerud, H.J., Brown, J.F., and Dewitz, J.A., 2024, Spatiotemporal deep learning for land cover mapping with Landsat—Annual NLCD [abs.], in Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C. and online virtual, 9–13 December 2024, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper B52A-04, at https://agu.confex.com/agu/agu24/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/1591088.

Dwight, I., Coates, P., Roth, C., Prochazka, B., Chenaille, M., Ricca, M., Aldridge, C., Pilliod, D., and Rigge, M.B., 2021, Sage-grouse response to wildfire—Analyses of range-wide effects and relationships between sage-grouse demography and underlying post-fire sagebrush recovery processes [poster], in Rangelands, New Frontiers, Annual Meeting, online virtual, 15–18 February 2021, Presentation Abstracts & Summaries: Littleton, Colo., Society for Range Management.

Dewitz, J.A., and Jin, S., 2017, NLCD 2016 past and present product comparison [abs.], in Observing a changing Earth—Science for decisions . . . monitoring, assessment, projection, Pecora 20, Sioux Falls, S. Dak., 13–16 November 2017: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Dewitz, J.A., and Homer, C.G., 2016, Capturing land cover change in Alaska over the last 10 years with the National Land Cover Database—Status and plans [abs.], in International Circumpolar Remote Sensing Symposium, 14th, Homer, Alaska, 12–16 September 2016: Fairbanks, Alaska, Arctic Research Consortium of the United States.

Dewitz, J.A., 2019, Future plans for NLCD 2019 [abs.], in Continuous monitoring of our changing planet—From sensors to decisions, Pecora 21/ISRSE 38, Baltimore, Md., 6–11 October 2019: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Dewitz, J.A., 2010, National Land Cover Database, overview and future plans [poster], in State Forest Service Conference, Wisconsin, 24–28 August 2010: Northeastern Area Association of State Foresters.

Deering, C.A., 2014, The National Land Cover Database Project—The story of its impact [poster], in Libraries—The center of it all, Annual Meeting, Pierre, S. Dak., 1–3 October 2014: Worthing, S. Dak., South Dakota Library Association.

Danielson, P., Yang, L., Jin, S., and Homer, C.G., 2019, Overview of the new National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2016 land cover and land cover change products [abs.], in Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C., 3–7 April 2019, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Association of Geographers, paper 20579, at https://aag.secure-abstracts.com/AAG%20Annual%20Meeting%202019/abstracts-gallery/20579.

Danielson, P., Yang, L., Jin, S., and Homer, C.G., 2012, A method for improving classification accuracy of crop classes for the National Land Cover Database 2006 [abs.], in Annual Meeting, New York, N.Y., 24–28 February 2012, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Association of Geographers, paper 47995.

Danielson, P., Postma, K., and Rigge, M.B., 2022, AI/ML application in land cover mapping [abs.], in University of South Dakota Artificial Intelligence Symposium, Vermillion, S. Dak., 22 March 2022.

Danielson, P., Homer, C.G., Dewitz, J.A., Latifovic, R., Mcfarlane-Winchester, Rainer A. Ressl, R.A., Daniela Jurado, D., Carmen Meneses, C., Jorge Velasco, J., et al., 2021, Overview of the 2015 North American Land Use/Land Cover Change Product at 30m resolution—Methods and results [abs.], in ASPRS 2021 Annual Conference, online virtual, 29 March–2 April 2021: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, paper 1304.

Danielson, P., and Homer, C.G., 2017, Overview of the 2011 North American Land Cover Monitoring System (NALCMS) for Alaska and the Conterminous United States [abs.], in Annual Meeting, Boston, Mass., 5–9 April 2017, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Association of Geographers, paper 84140, at https://app.core-apps.com/aagam2017/abstract/dcb181785f7fd70d2b1bd16d5ae574ef.

Danielson, P., 2021, Google Earth Engine—Running composite scripts for the Mexico 2010-2015 change product [abs.], in Google Earth Engine Workshop, online virtual, 1 March 2021: Montreal, Canada, Commission for Environmental Cooperation and North American Land Change Monitoring System.

Danielson, P., 2010, Comparison of NLCD 2001 and 2006 to identify 5 years of change in the Northern Rockies [abs.], in Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C., 14–18 April 2010, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Association of Geographers, paper 29182.

Dahal, D., Pastick, N.J., Boyte, S.P., Parajuli, S., Oimoen, M.J., and Wylie, B.K., 2021, The U.S. Geological Survey Exotic Plant Monitoring System—Estimating abundance of exotic annual grass in rangeland of the western U.S. [poster], in NAISMA Annual Conference, online virtual, 27–30 September 2021: Monona, Wis., North American Invasive Species Management Association.

Dahal, D., and Boyte, S.P., 2023, The U.S. Geological Survey Exotic Plant Monitoring System: Understanding the exotic annual grass abundance anomaly in precipitation scenario maps of rangelands in the western United States [poster], in NAISMA Annual Conference, Lincoln, Nebr., 16–19 October 2023: Monona, Wis., North American Invasive Species Management Association.

Coan, M.J., Fry, J.A., Homer, C.G., and Larson, C.R., 2007, Development of a land cover change product from two generations of the National Land Cover Database (1992 and 2001) [abs.], in Annual Meeting, San Francisco, Calif., 17–21 April 2007, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Association of Geographers, paper 12960.

Brown, J.F., Dewitz, J.A., Tollerud, H.J., Jin, S., Fleckenstein, R., Barber, C.P., Xian, G.Z., Horton, J.A., Li, C., et al., 2024, Development and cloud implementation of the new Annual National Land Cover Database for the United States [abs.], in Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C. and online virtual, 9–13 December 2024, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper B52A-03, at https://agu.confex.com/agu/agu24/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/1597649.

Boyte, S.P., Wylie, B.K., Major, D.J., and Rigge, M.B., 2013, Cheatgrass percent cover and dieoff mapping in the Northern Great Basin [abs.], in The future of rangeland fire in a changing world, Annual Meeting, 66th, Oklahoma City, Okla., 2–8 February 2013, Poster Abstracts: Wheat Ridge, Colo., Society for Range Management, paper 0058.

Boyte, S.P., Wylie, B.K., and Major, D.J., 2019, Assessing post-fire trajectories in sagebrush-steppe ecosystems of the western United States [abs.], in International Meeting, 72nd, Minneapolis, Minn., 10–14 February 2019, Abstract Proceedings: Littleton, Colo., Society for Range Management, p. 35, at https://rangelands.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2019-SRM-abstracts.pdf.

Boyte, S.P., Wylie, B.K., and Major, D.J., 2017, Expanding the annual grass percent cover model through time and space [poster], in Annual Meeting, Reno, Nev., 21–23 February 2017: Great Basin Consortium.

Boyte, S.P., Wylie, B.K., and Major, D.J., 2012, Cheatgrass and dieoff mapping in the northern Great Basin [abs.], in Annual Conference, 3rd, Boise, Idaho, 1–2 October 2012: Boise, Idaho, Pacific Northwest Climate Science.

Boyte, S.P., Wylie, B.K., and Major, D.A., 2018, Validating a time series of annual herbaceous cover maps in the sagebrush ecosystem [abs.], in Empowerment through applied science, 2018 SRM Annual Meeting, 71st, Sparks, Nev., 28 January–2 February 2018: Littleton, Colo., Society for Range Management, at https://rangelands.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/2018-Abstracts.pdf.

Boyte, S.P., Wylie, B.K., Gu, Y., and Major, D.J., 2010, Modeling rangeland performance and climate change effects on Big Sagebrush in the Owyhee Uplands [poster], in Workshop on natural resource needs related to climate change in the Great Basin and Mojave Desert—Research, adaptation, mitigation, Las Vegas, Nev., 20–22 April 2010: Reston, Va., USGS/EPA/USFWS/NPS.

Boyte, S.P., and Wylie, B.K., 2016, Using satellite data to estimate near-real-time cheatgrass percent cover in the Northern Great Basin [abs.], in Annual Meeting, Corpus Christi, Tex., 30 January–4 February 2016: Littleton, Colo., Society for Range Management, at https://rangelands.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/2016-SRM-abstracts-oral-presentations.pdf.

Boyte, S.P., Dahal, D., Pastick, N.J., Parajuli, S., and Megard, L.J., 2023, Bi-weekly early estimates of exotic annual grass in rangelands of the western United States [abs.], in Rangelands without Borders, Annual Meeting, 76th, Boise, Idaho, 12–16 February 2023: Littleton, Colo., Society for Range Management, at https://rangelands.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/2023-Abstracts.pdf.

Boyte, S.P., Dahal, D., Parajuli, S., Megard, L.J., and Shrestha, D., 2023, Early estimates of exotic annual grass distribution and abundance in western rangelands, USA [poster], in NAISMA Annual Conference, Lincoln, Nebr., 16–19 October 2023: Monona, Wis., North American Invasive Species Management Association.

Boyte, S.P., Benedict, T.D., Megard, L.J., Parajuli, S., Shrestha, D., and Dahal, D., 2022, The development and application of remotely sensed exotic annual grass phenology metrics in the western U.S. rangelands [abs.], in Pecora Remote Sensing Symposium, 22nd, Denver, Colo., 24–27 October 2022: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Boyte, S.P., 2021, Near real-time estimates of invasive annual grass cover [abs.], in Rangeland Technology Summit, 1st, online virtual, 5–7 April 2021: Washington, D.C., U.S. Forest Service.

Benedict, T.D., and Rigge, M.B., 2026, The impact of wildfire on invasive annual grasses in western US sagebrush ecosystems [poster], in Herd 'round the world, Annual Meeting, Monterey, Calif., 7–11 February 2026: Boise, Idaho, Society for Range Management.

Barber, C.P., and Reker, R.R., 2019, LCMAP land cover and land change products [abs.], in Continuous monitoring of our changing planet—From sensors to decisions, Pecora 21/ISRSE 38, Baltimore, Md., 6–11 October 2019: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Barber, C.P., 2021, Monitoring forest dynamics with LCMAP Collection 1.0 [abs.], in Annual Meeting, online virtual, 12–16 April 2021, Proceedings: Logan, Utah, International Association of Landscape Ecology, at https://whova.com/embedded/session/cuvWIpUk57hP88K9ut-RlI0AUXVkKlofsSdh3bWQxL8%3D/1541424/.

Barber, C.P., 2019, Monitoring land change with USGS LCMAP science products [abs.], in Fall Meeting, San Francisco, Calif., 9–13 December 2019, Proceedings: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, paper B24A-07, at https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm19/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/587075.

Auch, R.F., Sayler, K.L., Pengra, B.W., Smith, K., and Reker, R.R., 2019, Initial LCMAP prototype land cover classification composition and change metrics, 1985-2016 [abs.], in Continuous monitoring of our changing planet—From sensors to decisions, Pecora 21/ISRSE 38, Baltimore, Md., 6–11 October 2019: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Acevedo, W., 2011, National assessment of land cover change using the NLCD 1992–2006 database [abs.], in Forty years of Earth observations... understanding a changing world, William T. Pecora Memorial Symposium on Remote Sensing, 18th, Herndon, Va., 14–17 November 2011: Bethesda, Md., American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

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Xian, G., Homer, C.G., Granneman, B.J., and Meyer, D.K., 2012, Producing fractional rangeland component predictions in a sagebrush ecosystem, a Wyoming sensitivity analysis: Reston, Va., U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012–1239, 18 p., at https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121239.

Xian, G., 2007, Mapping impervious surfaces using classification and regression tree algorithm, in Weng, Q., ed., Remote sensing of impervious surfaces: Boca Raton, Fla., CRC Press, p. 39–58, at https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420043754-8.

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Rigge, M.B., 2023, Rangeland Condition Monitoring Assessment and Projection, 1985–2021: Reston, Va., U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2023–3004, 6 p., at https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20233004.

Reeves, M., Ibáñez, I., Blumenthal, D., Chen, G., Guo, Q., Jarnevich, C., Koch, J., Sapio, F., Schwartz, M.K., et al., 2021, Tools and technologies for quantifying spread and impacts of invasive species, in Poland, T.M., Patel-Weynand, T., Finch, D., Miniat, C.F., Hayes, D.C., and Lopez, V.M., eds., Invasive species in forests and rangelands of the United States—A comprehensive science synthesis for the United States forest sector: Cham, Switzerland, Springer International Publishing, p. 243–265, at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45367-1_11.

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Huang, C., Homer, C.G., and Yang, L., 2003, Regional forest land cover characterisation using medium spatial resolution satellite data, in Wulder, M.A., and Franklin, S.E., eds., Remote sensing of forest environments—Concepts and case studies: Boston, Mass., Kluwer Academic, p. 389–410, at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0306-4_14.

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U.S. Geological Survey, 2024, LCMAP Preliminary Duplicate Attributes Collection for CONUS Reference Data 1984-2016 land cover and land use attributes: U.S. Geological Survey data release, at https://doi.org/10.5066/P98OODYS.

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Shi, H., Homer, C.G., Rigge, M.B., Postma, K., and Xian, G.Z., 2020, Long-term field observation of shrubland ecosystem in Wyoming, USA from 2008-2018: U.S. Geological Survey data release, at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JW167N.

Rigge, M.B., Postma, K., Dahal, D., Dornbierer, J.M., Megard, L.J., Benedict, T.D., and Bunde, B., 2026, Weekly Herbaceous and Exotic Annual Grass (EAG) Cover for western North America 2016–2026: U.S. Geological Survey data release, at https://doi.org/10.5066/P13QWBFH.

Rigge, M.B., Postma, K., and Bunde, B., 2024, Projections of rangeland fractional component cover across western Northern American rangelands for representative concentration pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios for the 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s time-periods: U.S. Geological Survey data release, at https://doi.org/10.5066/P134RA6V.

Rigge, M.B., Homer, C.G., Shi, H., and Meyer, D.K., 2019, Temporal and spatio-temporal high-resolution satellite data for the validation of a Landsat Time-series of fractional component cover across western United States (U.S.) rangelands: U.S. Geological Survey data release, at https://doi.org/10.5066/P90Q8BCP.

Rigge, M.B., Bunde, B., Postma, K., and Shi, H., 2022, Rangeland Condition Monitoring Assessment and Projection (RCMAP) fractional component time-series across the western U.S. 1985-2021: U.S. Geological Survey data release, at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ODAZHC.

Rigge, M.B., Bunde, B., and Postma, K., 2025, Rangeland Condition Monitoring Assessment and Projection (RCMAP) fractional component time-series across western North America from 1985-2024: U.S. Geological Survey data release, at https://doi.org/10.5066/P13QF8HT.